Cappuccino, Latte & Co: Espresso Drinks Explained

Nearly every café drink is built on the same foundation: a good espresso. The difference is the ratio of espresso, milk and foam. Understand that logic once and you will order with confidence – and make better drinks at home.

The espresso base

Espresso (about 25–40 ml), ristretto (shorter, more concentrated) and lungo (longer, lighter) are pure shots without milk. A doppio is simply a double espresso – the standard base for most milk drinks.

Cappuccino

The classic: one espresso with steamed milk and a distinct foam layer, traditionally thought of in thirds (espresso, milk, foam) in a 150–180 ml cup. Bold coffee flavour with a creamy texture.

Latte macchiato & caffè latte

Both much milkier than a cappuccino. A caffè latte mixes espresso with plenty of hot milk and little foam; a latte macchiato pours the espresso into layered milk. Ideal if you like it mild.

Flat white

A double espresso with a thin, velvety layer of microfoam in a small cup (about 160 ml). Stronger than a cappuccino, creamier than an espresso – the favourite of many specialty cafés.

Americano & espresso tonic

An americano stretches espresso with hot water into a filter-like cup. Cold works too: espresso tonic – espresso over ice and tonic water – is the easiest summer drink with a wow effect.