Espresso knowledge

Guides, glossary and tips for better espresso – clearly explained.

Espresso glossary

Dial-in
The process of setting grind, dose and time so the bean extracts in balance.
Extraction
How much soluble matter is drawn from the coffee. Too little = sour, too much = bitter.
Crema
The golden-brown foam layer on the espresso – an indicator of freshness and extraction.
Brew ratio
Ratio of ground coffee to liquid espresso, e.g. 1:2 (18 g into 36 g).
Grind size
How fine the coffee is ground. Finer extracts stronger and slower.
Puck
The compressed coffee bed in the portafilter after tamping.
Preinfusion
Gently wetting the puck before full pressure, for more even extraction.
Channeling
Water finding a path through the puck – a cause of uneven, often bitter shots.